Vacuum valve is an important control device in vacuum system, its working principle involves many aspects. The following is a detailed analysis of the working principle of the vacuum valve:
First, basic definition and function
Definition: A vacuum valve is a valve whose working pressure is lower than the standard atmospheric pressure, which is used to control the opening and closing of the air flow in the vacuum system.
Function: Achieve accurate control of vacuum degree and gas flow to ensure the stable operation of vacuum system.
Second, the working principle
The working principle of the vacuum valve can be understood from the following aspects:
1. Mechanical structure principle:
Main components: The main components of the vacuum valve include valves, valve bodies, drivers, etc. Through the role of the driver, the valve is opened and closed in the valve body to achieve the control of air flow.
Operation mode: The opening and closing of the vacuum valve can be achieved by manual, electric or pneumatic means. For example, the gate plate of a vacuum gate valve moves in a straight line with the valve stem and controls the opening and closing of the valve by turning the rotating motion into a straight line motion.
2. Electromagnetic control principle:
Electromagnetic control: Vacuum valves usually use electromagnetic control to achieve airflow control. When the electromagnetic control signal acts on the valve, the valve will be moved by the action of the electromagnetic force, thus controlling the on-off of the gas.
Internal structure: The vacuum solenoid valve is provided with a closed chamber, and through holes are opened in different positions, and each through hole is connected with a different gas pipe. There is a piston in the center of the cavity, and an electromagnet on both sides. When an electromagnet coil on one side is energized, the valve body will be attracted to that side, thus controlling the opening and closing of the valve.
3. Sealing principle:
Sealing performance: The sealing performance of the vacuum valve is crucial to the normal operation of the vacuum system. Therefore, a high-precision sealing structure should be used between the valve and the valve body of the vacuum valve to ensure the opening and closing of the valve and the control accuracy of the gas flow.
Sealing materials: Commonly used sealing materials include rubber sealing rings, metal sealing rings, etc. These materials have good elasticity and corrosion resistance, and can maintain stable sealing properties in a vacuum environment.
Third, the working process
1. Closing process: When the closing coil of the operating mechanism is energized, the closing iron core is sucked, and the dynamic conductive rod of the vacuum arc extinguishing chamber is moved through the connecting rod and other mechanisms to close the circuit breaker. At this point, the valve is closed and the gas in the vacuum system is isolated.
2. Opening process: When the opening coil of the operating mechanism is energized, the opening iron core is sucked and the lock is released. Under the action of the opening spring, the circuit breaker breaks quickly. At this time, the valve opens and the gas in the vacuum system can flow.
Fourth, application areas and characteristics
Application: Vacuum valve is widely used in vacuum system, vacuum pump, vacuum packaging, vacuum blister and other fields.
Features: The vacuum valve has the advantages of simple structure, small size, light weight, easy operation, rapid operation and good flow regulation function and closing sealing characteristics. It has a wide range of applications in medium and large caliber, medium and low pressure conditions.
In summary, the working principle of the vacuum valve involves many aspects such as mechanical structure, electromagnetic control and sealing principle. Only by fully understanding its working principle can we better apply and maintain the vacuum valve to ensure the normal operation of the vacuum system.
